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Brain derived neurotrophic factor BDNF is the most
2022-03-26
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is the most abundant growth factor in the brain and is critical for neuronal development and synaptic plasticity (Bekinschtein et al., 2008; Lu et al., 2014). Besides playing an important role in mood and cognition, BDNF is also involved in the regulation of
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Here we report a new human genetic disorder in
2022-03-26
Here, we report a new human genetic disorder in a patient with hypoalgesia, altered fear and memory symptoms, and a non-anxious disposition. This disorder is attributable to co-inheritance of a microdeletion in a novel pseudogene and a known FAAH hypomorphic SNP. The microdeletion is flanked by repe
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PKC potentiates insulin release in beta cells however it is
2022-03-26
PKC potentiates insulin release in beta cells; however, it is currently not clear how this is mechanistically accomplished in living annexin v [15]. First, we discuss PKC structure, regulation, and activation in beta cells. Then, we address two fundamental questions: (1) what is the specific effect
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The H autoreceptors distributed mainly in the CNS act
2022-03-26
The H3 autoreceptors distributed mainly in the CNS act as a negative feedback on histamine synthesis and release from histaminergic neurons. Histamine is involved in many physiological functions such as sleep-wake regulation, circadian and feeding rhythm, thermal regulation, locomotion, learning, co
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adenosine triphosphate In this investigation the NlVg relati
2022-03-26
In this investigation, the NlVg relative transcript level was also prompted by 1.3-fold compared to the untreated control in the TZP treatment, while there was a slight increase of 13.6% for NlVgR (Fig. 7A and B). One underlying molecular mechanism for the TZP-induced fecundity is the significant up
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br Competing interests br Funding br
2022-03-26
Competing interests Funding Ethical approval Acknowledgement Introduction Hepatitis C is a disease that infects the liver through transmission of the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Because the symptoms of this infection are not pronounced, the infected individuals may not even be aware of t
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Although historically the two ROCK isoforms have
2022-03-26
Although historically, the two ROCK isoforms have been viewed as redundant, recent observations show that the two isoforms of ROCK might have different functions (Newell-Litwa et al., 2015). Knockdown of ROCK1 was found to result in cell rounding and a decrease in cell size while cells with knockdow
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Previous studies have shown that Cu I
2022-03-25
Previous studies have shown that Cu(I) neurotoxicity includes induction of ROS with involvement of the NF-kB pathway and apoptosis (Butterworth, 2010) and that, in its Cu(I) state, Cu(I) alters microglia phenotype and inhibits nitric oxide release (Rossi-George et al., 2012). Cu(I) has a great affin
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Thermal analysis of the NQ peptide was
2022-03-25
Thermal analysis of the NQ21 peptide was performed with the Solar CM2203 spectrofluorometer. We prepared three 1 μg/mL peptide solutions with different LY2606368 HCl levels (5.0, 7.4, 8.5) in 0.01 M phosphate buffers. Each solution was slowly heated up from 28 °C to 54 °C with a step of 1 °C. Spect
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br Acknowledgements This work was supported by Slovak Academ
2022-03-25
Acknowledgements This work was supported by Slovak Academy of Sciences grants VEGA 2/0052/10 and 2/0045/10. Both clinical observations and preclinical studies suggest that hypofunction of -methyl--aspartate (NMDA) receptor is implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Thus, therapeuti
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The amino hydroxy methyl isoxazolepropionic acid AMPA recept
2022-03-25
The α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic sulconazole (AMPA) receptors are related ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) that mediate fast excitatory neurotransmission, and are also typically heteromeric ion channels, composed of GluA2 subunits in conjugation with GluA1, GluA3, or GluA4
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In this study we also
2022-03-25
In this study, we also profiled the expression of the transporters in wild-type RBL-2H3 cells, RBL-2H3 Sc98 cells, and rat peritoneal mast cells. OCT1 and PMAT were expressed at high levels in both RBL-2H3 Sc98 and RBL-2H3 cells. However, OCT2 and OCT3 were weakly or least detected in RBL-2H3 Sc98 c
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br Materials and methods br
2022-03-25
Materials and methods Results Discussion To the best of our knowledge, the current study presented the first evidence that GPR40, also named FFAR1, played an essential role in bone formation and mediated calcitriol hormone induced osteogenic effect via Wnt/β-catenin signaling. We found that
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion br Acknowl
2022-03-25
Materials and methods Results Discussion Acknowledgments Introduction As we move into an aging society, there has been a growing interest in neurological disorders [1]. Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) cause cognitive malfunction
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procollagen c proteinase Historically a role for the prefron
2022-03-25
Historically, a role for the prefrontal cortex in spatial working memory has been repeatedly claimed (for review, see Kolb, 1984). Older studies using traditional, non-fibre-sparing lesions (e.g. aspiration lesions) often resulted in spatial alternation deficits. In contrast, more recent studies emp
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