• Introduction Increasing environmental pollution caused by he

  2025-01-23

  

  Introduction Increasing environmental pollution caused by heavy metals, originating mainly from industrial processes and urban activities, as well as the widespread application of pesticides, fertilizers, manure and sewage sludge, has posed a serious problem for safe food production and become a po

• In fact serotonin is a major modulator

  2025-01-22

  

  In fact, serotonin is a major modulator of dopaminergic (DA) neuronal activity through the 5-HT2C receptor. Studies have shown that the selective 5-HT2C receptor agonist Ro60-0175 blocks the burst-firing of mesolimbic DA neurons, which project from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the nucleus acc

• br Conflict s of interest br Retinopathy

  2025-01-22

  

  Conflict(s) of interest Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of childhood blindness Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease of premature infants which disrupts normal retinal vascularization (Fleck and McIntosh, 2008). With increased survival of extremely premature infants

• br Introduction Adenosine deaminase ADA

  2025-01-22

  

  Introduction Adenosine deaminase (ADA), also known as adenosine aminohydrolase, is a key enzyme involved in the purine metabolism that converts adenosine to inosine irreversibly (Lupidi et al., 1997). It is a zinc containing metalloenzyme present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In humans ADA

• Receptor tyrosine kinase Axl is a member

  2025-01-22

  

  Receptor tyrosine kinase Axl is a member of the TAM (Tyro3/Axl/Mer) family, and has reported been associated with a spectrum of human cancers [8]. Numerous studies have revealed that the oncogenic potential of Axl is attributed to the anti-apoptotic and proliferative signaling pathways triggered by

• Physiological total plasma LPA levels are normally

  2025-01-22

  

  Physiological total plasma LPA levels are normally less than 1μM in healthy subjects. LPA levels have been reported to be increased in malignant effusions or plasma in cancer patients [20]. In addition, increasing ATX activity detected in healthy pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy ex

• br Autophagy and cell death pathways in ischemic

  2025-01-22

  

  Autophagy and cell death pathways in ischemic stroke Although very important for the effects on post-ischemic Iron chelator injury, autophagy is not the only mechanism of action involved in cell death. Necrosis and apoptosis are two other distinct forms of cell death with great difference in mor

• Pompe disease is accompanied by the deficiency of

  2025-01-22

  

  Pompe disease is accompanied by the deficiency of the lysosomal α-1,4-glucosidase that makes the rna helicase unable to hydrolyze glycogen to glucose, thereby resulting in the accumulation of glycogen in lysosomes, especially in skeletal muscles and cardiac tissues. This accumulation results in the

• Inactivation of autophagy can also impact the surface intern

  2025-01-22

  

  Inactivation of autophagy can also impact the surface internalization of MHC I molecules, leading to increased antigen presentation. Inactivation of autophagy factors Atg5 and Atg7 in DCs causes elevation of MHC I surface levels by decreasing endocytosis due to a poor recruitment of adaptor-associat

• These results show that quercetin can restore

  2025-01-22

  

  These results show that quercetin can restore the enzyme activity of the cholinergic system nonneural induced by demyelination. The AChE activity has been used as an indicator of human cell aging with lowered levels commonly associated with older human red blood ret pathway [51]. The enzymes AChE an

• The LO has so far only been found in humans

  2025-01-22

  

  The 15-LO-1 has so far only been found in humans and rabbit reticulocytes [3], [20] and the rabbit 15-LO-1 protein demonstrate 81% identity to the human 15-LO-1. However, rabbit monocytes express an enzyme with mainly 12-LO activity [20], [21]. The high degree of sequence conservation between these

• However most of these SBVS studies were focused

  2025-01-22

  

  However, most of these SBVS studies were focused on the target(s) for which crystal structures were available or have a similar template in PDB for comparative modeling. Besides, these were limited to SBVS only which relies on the rigid binding pocket, therefore, it may result in high false positive

• At the outset of targeting the two Gln

  2025-01-22

  

  At the outset of targeting the two Gln756 side-chain rotamers, it was unclear which rotational isomer would lead to more potent ASK1 inhibitors. While such a preference might have been anticipated, the cohort of ASK1 inhibitors in Table 3 did not provide any guidance regarding which of the Gln756 am

• This unsuspected antagonistic interaction of androgen with O

  2025-01-21

  

  This unsuspected antagonistic interaction of androgen with OXER1 could therefore explain the effect of plant derived compounds with this ligand-receptor system. For example, wedelolactone, a coumestan found in Eclipta alba (false daisy) and in Wedelia calendulacea that is the major component of ecli

• Based on the general structure function principle in

  2025-01-21

  

  Based on the general structure-function principle in biology [[19], [20], [21]], toxic oligomers are expected to have well-defined three-dimensional structures to carry out their pathological functions. A common amyloid toxicity mechanism also suggests that toxic oligomers of different amyloid prote

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